What is Psoriasis?
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition caused by inflammation and an accelerated skin cell turnover, leading to thick, scaly patches on the skin. It commonly affects the scalp, back, elbows, and knees, and may also cause nail changes such as tiny pits or ridges. In more severe cases, joint pain and swelling (psoriatic arthritis) can develop.
About 1–2% of Singapore’s population is affected. Psoriasis often begins in the 20s and tends to recur over time rather than go away permanently.
Why Do I Have Psoriasis?
Psoriasis is linked to genetic factors and immune system imbalances. Certain infections, medications, or stress can trigger or worsen flare-ups.
What Makes Psoriasis Worse?
- Physical or emotional stress
- Throat infections or the flu
- Certain medications (e.g. steroids, some hypertension drugs)
Is Psoriasis Contagious?
No. Psoriasis is not contagious and cannot spread through touch or close contact.
Will I Pass It to My Children?
Not necessarily. While psoriasis can run in families, only about 10% of people with psoriasis have a close relative who is also affected. Even with genetic predisposition, environmental triggers are usually needed for the condition to appear.
Are There Foods to Avoid?
There are no specific dietary restrictions, but it’s best to avoid excessive alcohol as it can worsen symptoms. Maintaining a balanced diet supports overall health and skin condition.
Treatment Options
Includes steroids and vitamin D3 derivatives (such as calcipotriol and calcitriol) that help reduce inflammation and scaling.
Controlled UV light treatments performed several times a week can effectively reduce psoriasis symptoms over time.
For severe cases, methotrexate, cyclosporin, or acitretin may be prescribed. These require regular monitoring due to potential side effects.
The latest and most targeted therapies for moderate to severe psoriasis. Biologics (e.g. Cosentyx, Taltz, Tremfya) work by balancing the immune system and reducing inflammation. Your dermatologist will recommend the best option based on your condition.
Tips for Managing Psoriasis
- Use treatment regularly as directed and keep the skin well moisturised as this will help reduce itching and scaling
- Develop healthy lifestyle habits, eat in moderation, exercise regularly and manage your stress levels.
- Go for regular health screening as obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure and cholesterol problems are more common in psoriasis.
- Do not scratch as this may damage the skin and worsen psoriasis.
- Treatment takes a few weeks to show effect, so be patient and do not give up too early.