Understanding Acne
Acne commonly appears around puberty and adolescence, but may also begin in the twenties. It typically affects the face, chest, and back, where oil-producing sebaceous glands are most active. These glands produce sebum (oil), which can lead to acne when overproduced or trapped beneath the skin.
What Causes Acne?
During puberty, increased androgen (male hormone) levels cause the sebaceous glands to produce more sebum. In some individuals, this excess oil blocks pores, forming comedones (blackheads and whiteheads).
Blocked pores alter the skin’s texture, creating bumpiness. When bacteria act on trapped sebum, it leads to inflammation and red pimples. Over time, pus may develop, forming painful nodules or cysts, which can result in permanent scars — either sunken (atrophic) or raised (keloid).
Should You Squeeze Pimples?
Absolutely not. Squeezing pimples can worsen inflammation and drive pus deeper into the skin, leading to more severe scarring and even infection.
👉 Consult a dermatologist for safe and effective spot treatments instead.
Can I Cover Pimples with Makeup?
You can — but with caution.
Avoid greasy or oil-based cosmetics, which can worsen acne. Choose water-soluble, oil-free, and non-comedogenic products, as they are less likely to clog pores.
If unsure about your skincare or cosmetic products, ask your dermatologist for guidance.
How to Get Rid of Acne
Early consultation with a dermatologist is essential. Acne should not be dismissed as a “teenage phase.” The goal is to prevent deep scars and manage inflammation before it worsens.
Used for mild cases, these include:
- Benzoyl Peroxide – reduces bacteria and inflammation.
- Topical Antibiotics – such as erythromycin or clindamycin.
- Vitamin A derivatives (Retinoids) – including adapalene and tretinoin, which help unblock pores and improve texture.
These treatments work to reduce inflammation, unblock pores, and enhance skin texture over time.
When topical treatments alone are insufficient:
- Oral antibiotics are prescribed for several months to reduce inflammation and prevent new lesions.
- In women, oral contraceptive pills may help by regulating hormone levels.
Isotretinoin, a vitamin A derivative, is the most effective treatment for severe or cystic acne.
It works by reducing oil production, shrinking sebaceous glands, and preventing scarring.
Results are often long-lasting after a full course.
Discuss with your dermatologist to determine if isotretinoin is suitable for you.
Oily Skin and Enlarged Pores
For individuals with oily skin and visible pores, low-dose isotretinoin can be prescribed. Combined with suitable topical products, it controls sebum production and refines skin texture.
Does Diet Affect Acne?
The link between diet and acne is still under study, but some evidence suggests:
- High-glycaemic foods (those that spike blood sugar quickly) may worsen acne.
- Excessive dairy intake may also aggravate symptoms.
Otherwise, no strict dietary restrictions are necessary — maintaining a balanced diet and proper skincare routine is key.
When to See a Dermatologist
If your acne is persistent, painful, or leaving marks, consult a qualified dermatologist early. Proper diagnosis and treatment can prevent long-term scarring and restore clear, healthy skin.